THE ROLE OF DIGITAL ECONOMY AND SOCIETY IN PROMOTING GREEN ACCOUNTING FINANCE: FRESH INSIGHTS FROM NEW ESTIMATION

Autori

  • Nguyen Thanh Trung Training School, Banking Academy of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2025-0093

Ključne reči:

digitl economy and society, green accounting financing, European countries

Apstrakt

Objectives of the Study: This study attempts to empirically investigate

the connections of digital society and economy (DESI) on green ac-
counting finance (GAF) by applying diverse econometric methods to a

global sample of 24 nations during the 2010 - 2022 stage.
Methodology: Four e-commerce measures are used to evaluate digital
enterprises: online sales, electronic commerce sales, electronic trade

web sales, and electronic commerce turnover. Additionally, two as-
pects of e-business are evaluated: CRM and cloud services. Various

econometric techniques are used to support our conclusions, including
modeling with PCSE and FGLS estimation. These methods work well
with data with a cross-sectional dependency and may present certain
econometric challenges, such as heteroskedasticity, endogeneity, and

multicollinearity. Economists and decision-makers can choose a suit-
able strategic path for sustainable development by promoting digitali-
zation and green accounting finance with the aid of this paper’s results.

Result: The estimation results demonstrate that digital transformation

into society and economy promotes green accounting finance. We ob-
tain solid results by employing more explanatory variables and uti-
lizing various econometric approaches. The conclusion is that these

activities help enhance green finance.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the promotion of digitization

is essential for the successful implementation of green accounting fi-
nancing initiatives across European countries.

Reference

An, Q., Wang, R., Wang, Y., & Pavel, K. (2024). The impact of the digital economy on sustainable devel-

opment: Evidence from China. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/

fenvs.2024.1341471

Awosusi, A. A., Eweade, B. S., & Ojekemi, O. S. (2024). Analyzing the environmental role of resource ef-

ficiency, economic globalization, and biomass usage in Malaysia: A time-varying causal approach.

Environment, Development and Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05196-y

Beck, N., & Katz, J. N. (1995). What to do (and not to do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data. The

American Political Science Review, 89(3), 634–647. https://doi.org/10.2307/2082979

Bons, R. W. H., Alt, R., Lee, H. G., & Weber, B. (2012). Banking in the Internet and mobile era. Elec-

tronic Markets, 22(4), 197–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-012-0110-6

Bopp, R. E. (2020). Climate Change and Reputation in the Financial Services Sector. In T. Walker, D.

Gramlich, M. Bitar, & P. Fardnia (Eds.), Ecological, Societal, and Technological Risks and

the Financial Sector, 225–242. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-

-030-38858-4_11

Boyer, M., & Laffont, J.-J. (1997). Environmental risks and bank liability. European Economic Review,

(8), 1427–1459. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2921(96)00034-7

Bu, M., Li, S., & Jiang, L. (2019). Foreign direct investment and energy intensity in China: Firm-level

evidence. Energy Economics, 80, 366–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2019.01.003

Chen, Y., Wang, L., & Yang, Y. (2024). An evaluation of the impact of China’s green credit policy on

different pathways using a CGE model. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 31(10),

–15397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-32062-1

Chiorazzo, V., D’Apice, V., DeYoung, R., & Morelli, P. (2018). Is the traditional banking model a survi-

vor? Journal of Banking & Finance, 97, 238–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2018.10.008

Dehnert, M. (2020). Sustaining the current or pursuing the new: Incumbent digital transformation

strategies in the financial service industry. Business Research, 13(3), 1071–1113. https://doi.

org/10.1007/s40685-020-00136-8

Dong, H., & Tao, M. (2022). The policy effect of green finance reform and innovations: Empirical evidence

at the firm level. PLOS ONE, 17(12), e0278128. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278128

Du, Q., Pan, H., Liang, S., & Liu, X. (2023). Can Green Credit Policies Accelerate the Realization of

the Dual Carbon Goal in China? Examination Based on an Endogenous Financial CGE Model.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5), Article 5. https://

doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054508

Eklund, J., & Kapoor, R. (2019). Pursuing the New While Sustaining the Current: Incumbent Strategies

and Firm Value During the Nascent Period of Industry Change. Organization Science, 30(2),

–404. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1229

Evangelinos, K. I., & Nikolaou, I. E. (2009). Environmental accounting and the banking sector: A frame-

work for measuring environmental-financial risks. International Journal of Services Sciences,

(3/4), 366. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSSCI.2009.026547

Fan, W., Wang, F., Liu, J., Yan, B., Chen, T., Liu, S., & Zhang, H. (2023). Environmental effects of

financial agglomeration under dual correlations of industry and space: Evidence from 286 pre-

fecture-level cities in China. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 98, 106978. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.eiar.2022.106978

Gala, P., Camargo, J., Magacho, G., & Rocha, I. (2018). Sophisticated jobs matter for economic com-

plexity: An empirical analysis based on input-output matrices and employment data. Structural

Change and Economic Dynamics, 45, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2017.11.005

Garzaro, D. M., Varotto, L. F., & Pedro, S. de C. (2020). Internet and mobile banking: The role of en-

gagement and experience on satisfaction and loyalty. International Journal of Bank Marketing,

(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-08-2020-0457

Trung N. T. / Economics - Innovative and Economics Research Journal, doi: 10.2478/eoik-2025-0093

Gray, R. (2002). Of Messiness, Systems And Sustainability: Towards A More Social And Environ-

mental Finance And Accounting. The British Accounting Review, 34(4), 357–386. https://doi.

org/10.1006/bare.2002.0217

Ha, L. T. (2022a). Are digital business and digital public services a driver for better energy security?

Evidence from a European sample. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. https://doi.

org/10.1007/s11356-021-17843-2

Ha, L. T. (2022b). Effects of digitalization on financialization: Empirical evidence from European coun-

tries. Technology in Society, 68, 101851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101851

Ha, L. T., & Thanh, T. T. (2022). Effects of digital public services on trades in green goods: Does

institutional quality matter? Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(1), 100168. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100168

Hwang, Y. K. (2023). The synergy effect through combination of the digital economy and transition to renew-

able energy on green economic growth: Empirical study of 18 Latin American and caribbean coun-

tries. Journal of Cleaner Production, 418, 138146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138146

Idris, A., & Rahman Razak, A. (2025). Energy Transition, Green Growth and Emission on Economic

Growth using Spline Approach: Evidence From Asia-Pacific Countries. ECONOMICS - Innova-

tive and Economics Research Journal, 13(2), 139–159. https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2025-0034

Labatt, S., & White, R. R. (2003). Environmental Finance: A Guide to Environmental Risk Assessment

and Financial Products. John Wiley & Sons.

Le, T. H., & Bach, N. T. (2022). Global sanctions, foreign direct investment, and global linkages: Ev-

idence from global data. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 0(0),

–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638199.2022.2047218

Le, T. T. H., & Thi Hang Phan, N. (2024). Material footprint, economic growth, and climate change in

emerging Southeast Asian markets. Cogent Economics & Finance, 12(1), 2386110. https://doi.

org/10.1080/23322039.2024.2386110

Lenzen, M., Geschke, A., West, J., Fry, J., Malik, A., Giljum, S., Milà i Canals, L., Piñero, P., Lut-

ter, S., Wiedmann, T., Li, M., Sevenster, M., Potočnik, J., Teixeira, I., Van Voore, M., Nansai,

K., & Schandl, H. (2022). Implementing the material footprint to measure progress towards

Sustainable Development Goals 8 and 12. Nature Sustainability, 5(2), 157–166. https://doi.

org/10.1038/s41893-021-00811-6

Levin, K., Cashore, B., Bernstein, S., & Auld, G. (2012). Overcoming the tragedy of super wicked

problems: Constraining our future selves to ameliorate global climate change. Policy Sciences,

(2), 123–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-012-9151-0

Liu, L., & He, L.-Y. (2021). Output and welfare effect of green credit in China: Evidence from an es-

timated DSGE model. Journal of Cleaner Production, 294, 126326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

jclepro.2021.126326

Liu, L., & Li, X. (2024). A Study on the Impact of Green Finance on the High-Quality Economic

Development of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region. Sustainability, 16(6), Article 6. https://doi.

org/10.3390/su16062433

Lv, C., Bian, B., Lee, C.-C., & He, Z. (2021). Regional gap and the trend of green finance development

in China. Energy Economics, 102, 105476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105476

Ma, X., Feng, X., Fu, D., Tong, J., & Ji, M. (2024). How does the digital economy impact sustainable

development? —An empirical study from China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 434, 140079.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140079

Myovella, G., Karacuka, M., & Haucap, J. (2020). Digitalization and economic growth: A compara-

tive analysis of Sub-Saharan Africa and OECD economies. Telecommunications Policy, 44(2),

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2019.101856

Nurgaliuly, A., & Smagulova, S. (2025). Economic Assessment of Energy Security of the Regions of

Kazakhstan. ECONOMICS - Innovative and Economics Research Journal, 13(2), 223–243.

https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2025-0038

The Role of Digital Economy and Society in Promoting Green Accounting Finance: Fresh Insights from new Estimation

Pata, U. K., & Karlilar, S. (2024). The integrated influence of energy security risk and green innovation

on the material footprint: An EKC analysis based on fossil material flows. Journal of Cleaner

Production, 435, 140469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.140469

Peng, H., Luo, X., & Zhou, C. (2018). Introduction to China’s Green Finance System. Journal of Service

Science and Management, 11(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.4236/jssm.2018.111009

Pesaran, M. H. (2021). General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels. Empirical

Economics, 60(1), 13–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-020-01875-7

Pousttchi, K., & Dehnert, M. (2018). Exploring the digitalization impact on consumer decision-making in

retail banking. Electronic Markets, 28(3), 265–286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-017-0283-0

Quan, T., & Quan, T. (2023). A Study of the Spatial Mechanism of Financial Agglomeration Affecting

Green Low-Carbon Development: Evidence from China. Sustainability, 15(2), Article 2. https://

doi.org/10.3390/su15020965

Richardson, B. J. (2009). Climate Finance and Its Governance: Moving to a Low Carbon Economy

through Socially Responsible Financing. The International and Comparative Law Quarterly,

(3), 597–626. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25622228

Salzmann, A. J. (2013). The integration of sustainability into the theory and practice of finance: An over-

view of the state of the art and outline of future developments. Journal of Business Economics,

(6), 555–576. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-013-0667-3

Schandl, H., Marcos-Martinez, R., West, J., Miatto, A., Lutter, S., Lieber, M., Giljum, S., Lenzen, M., Li,

M., Wang, H., Tanikawa, H., Krausmann, F., Eisenmenger, N., & Fischer-Kowalski, M. (2024).

Global material flows and resource productivity: The 2024 update. Journal of Industrial Ecolo-

gy, 28(6), 2012–2031. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13593

Scholtens, B., & Zhou, Y. (2008). Stakeholder relations and financial performance. Sustainable Devel-

opment, 16(3), 213–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.364

Shahbaz, M., Nasir, M. A., & Roubaud, D. (2018). Environmental degradation in France: The effects of

FDI, financial development, and energy innovations. Energy Economics, 74, 843–857. https://

doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.07.020

Sisodia, A., & Maheshwari, G. C. (2023). Exploring Sustainable Finance: A Review and Future Re-

search Agenda. Vision, 09722629231209177. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629231209177

Srdelić, L. (2024). Transition Risks of Climate Change: An Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Cro-

atia and the Euro Area. Oeconomica Jadertina, 14(1), 74-90. https://doi.org/10.15291/oec.4433

Songini, L., Pistoni, A., Comerio, N., & Tettamanzi, P. (2023). A decade of integrated reporting studies:

State of the art and future research implications. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Jour-

nal, 36(9), 226–252. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-10-2021-5490

Sun, C., Li, Z., Ma, T., & He, R. (2019). Carbon efficiency and international specialization position:

Evidence from global value chain position index of manufacture. Energy Policy, 128, 235–242.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.12.058

Sun, G., Fang, J., Li, J., & Wang, X. (2024). Research on the impact of the integration of digital econ-

omy and real economy on enterprise green innovation. Technological Forecasting and Social

Change, 200, 123097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.123097

Supporting the Green Transition of China’s Financial System. (2022, January 24). https://www.nrdc.org/

bio/alfonso-pating/supporting-green-transition-chinas-financial-system

Sweet, C. M., & Eterovic Maggio, D. S. (2015). Do Stronger Intellectual Property Rights Increase

Innovation? World Development, 66, 665–677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.08.025

Thompson, B. S. (2022). Blue bonds for marine conservation and a sustainable ocean economy: Status, trends, and

insights from green bonds. Marine Policy, 144, 105219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105219

Thompson, P., & Cowton, C. J. (2004). Bringing the environment into bank lending: Implications

for environmental reporting. The British Accounting Review, 36(2), 197–218. https://doi.

org/10.1016/j.bar.2003.11.005

Trung N. T. / Economics - Innovative and Economics Research Journal, doi: 10.2478/eoik-2025-0093

Uribe-Linares, G. P., Ríos-Lama, C. A., & Vargas-Merino, J. A. (2023). Is There an Impact of Digital

Transformation on Consumer Behaviour? An Empirical Study in the Financial Sector. Econo-

mies, 11(5), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies11050132

Wang, J., & Zhang, G. (2022). Can Environmental Regulation Improve High-Quality Economic Devel-

opment in China? The Mediating Effects of Digital Economy. Sustainability, 14(19), Article 19.

https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912143

Wang, L., Wang, Z., & Ma, Y. (2022). Does environmental regulation promote the high-quality de-

velopment of manufacturing? A quasi-natural experiment based on China’s carbon emission

trading pilot scheme. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 81, 101216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

seps.2021.101216

Wang, W., Yang, X., Cao, J., Bu, W., Dagestani, A. A., Adebayo, T. S., Dilanchiev, A., & Ren, S. (2022).

Energy internet, digital economy, and green economic growth: Evidence from China. Innova-

tion and Green Development, 1(2), 100011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2022.100011

Wang, Y., & Yun, M. (2013). Basic Framework for Building China’s Green Financial System. In X. Li

& J. Pan (Eds.), China Green Development Index Report 2011, 461–467. Springer. https://doi.

org/10.1007/978-3-642-31597-8_20

Weber, O. (2014). The financial sector’s impact on sustainable development. Journal of Sustainable

Finance & Investment, 4(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/20430795.2014.887345

Weber, O., Scholz, R. W., & Michalik, G. (2010). Incorporating sustainability criteria into credit risk man-

agement. Business Strategy and the Environment, 19(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.636

Wu, F., Yang, X., & Chen, Y. (2023). Research on innovative mechanisms of financial agglomeration

enabling green coordinated development in the Yangtze River Delta of China. Heliyon, 9(3),

e14172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14172

Xiao, Y., Wu, S., Liu, Z. Q., & Lin, H. J. (2023). Digital economy and green development: Empirical

evidence from China’s cities. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/

fenvs.2023.1124680

Xie, B., Yang, C., Song, W., Song, L., & Wang, H. (2023). The impact of environmental regulation

on capacity utilization of China’s manufacturing industry: An empirical research based on the

sector level. Ecological Indicators, 148, 110085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110085

Xin, C., Fan, S., Mbanyele, W., & Shahbaz, M. (2023). Towards inclusive green growth: Does digi-

tal economy matter? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(27), 70348–70370.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27357-8

Xiufan, Z., Xiaomin, W., Wenhai, Z., & Ningning, F. (2024). Research on the green innovation effect of

digital economy network – Empirical evidence from the manufacturing industry in the Yangtze

River Delta. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 34, 103595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

eti.2024.103595

Yang, S., Chen, Z., Umar, M., & Khursheed, A. (2022). Environmental regulation and high-quality sus-

tainable development of China’s economy – an empirical study based on a spatial durbin model

and threshold model. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 5699–5718. https://

doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2035243

Yin, X., & Xu, Z. (2022). An empirical analysis of the coupling and coordinative development of China’s

green finance and economic growth. Resources Policy, 75, 102476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.re-

sourpol.2021.102476

Zhang, L., & Zhao, Y. (2023). Research on the Coupling Coordination of Green Finance, Digital

Economy, and Ecological Environment in China. Sustainability, 15(9), Article 9. https://doi.

org/10.3390/su15097551

Zhang, Z., Fu, H., Xie, S., Cifuentes-Faura, J., & Urinov, B. (2023). Role of green finance and regional

environmental efficiency in China. Renewable Energy, 214, 407–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.

renene.2023.05.076

The Role of Digital Economy and Society in Promoting Green Accounting Finance: Fresh Insights from new Estimation

Zhong, X., Cao, Z., Peng, B., & Cheong, T. S. (2023). Study on the coupling and coordination relation-

ship between the digital economy and green development: Evidence from Guangdong province

in China. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1268601

Zhong, X., Duan, Z., Liu, C., & Chen, W. (2024). Research on the coupling mechanism and influencing

factors of digital economy and green technology innovation in Chinese urban agglomerations.

Scientific Reports, 14(1), 5150. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55854-4

##submission.downloads##

Objavljeno

2025-12-01